The main author of this brief was Lars M. Sondergaard with significant contributions from Paul Cahu and Khin Thet Swe. Work was undertaken under the guidance of Cristian Aedo, Stephen N. Ndegwa and Khwima Nthara. Some of the material in this brief has been presented in workshops in PNG, which generated useful feedback and comments from participants. The peer reviewers were Dina N. Abu-Ghaida, Juan Baron, and Andrew Blackman. The brief has benefitted from feedback from Mary Breeding, Ma